A wealth of past data is available in years of medical records of ICU patients, which can be used to measure risk levels in ICU. In case of predictable risks, checklists can be created of obvious risks like infections caused by catheters or tubes, delirium caused by overseadation etc. In case of less predictive risk, a system can be generated that gives a running risk report of the ICU on the doctor’s hand held devices. Medical centers have developed an application that pulls out data from the EHRs and creates a visual dashboard of the patient that helps doctors in real time monitoring, thereby personalising patient care. Read more at:  http://www.wsj.com/articles/hospital-icus-mine-big-data-in-push-for-better-outcomes-1435249003